基础语法14--语言切片(Slice)

黄振国

##Go 语言切片(Slice)
#len() 和 cap() 函数
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package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
   var numbers = make([]int,3,5)

   printSlice(numbers)
}

func printSlice(x []int){
   fmt.Printf("len=%d cap=%d slice=%v\n",len(x),cap(x),x)
}
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#空(nil)切片
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package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
   var numbers []int

   printSlice(numbers)

   if(numbers == nil){
      fmt.Printf("切片是空的")
   }
}

func printSlice(x []int){
   fmt.Printf("len=%d cap=%d slice=%v\n",len(x),cap(x),x)
}
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#切片截取
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package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
   /* 创建切片 */
   numbers := []int{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}  
   printSlice(numbers)

   /* 打印原始切片 */
   fmt.Println("numbers ==", numbers)

   /* 打印子切片从索引1(包含) 到索引4(不包含)*/
   fmt.Println("numbers[1:4] ==", numbers[1:4])

   /* 默认下限为 0*/
   fmt.Println("numbers[:3] ==", numbers[:3])

   /* 默认上限为 len(s)*/
   fmt.Println("numbers[4:] ==", numbers[4:])

   numbers1 := make([]int,0,5)
   printSlice(numbers1)

   /* 打印子切片从索引  0(包含) 到索引 2(不包含) */
   number2 := numbers[:2]
   printSlice(number2)

   /* 打印子切片从索引 2(包含) 到索引 5(不包含) */
   number3 := numbers[2:5]
   printSlice(number3)

}

func printSlice(x []int){
   fmt.Printf("len=%d cap=%d slice=%v\n",len(x),cap(x),x)
}
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#append() 和 copy() 函数
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package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
   var numbers []int
   printSlice(numbers)

   /* 允许追加空切片 */
   numbers = append(numbers, 0)
   printSlice(numbers)

   /* 向切片添加一个元素 */
   numbers = append(numbers, 1)
   printSlice(numbers)

   /* 同时添加多个元素 */
   numbers = append(numbers, 2,3,4)
   printSlice(numbers)

   /* 创建切片 numbers1 是之前切片的两倍容量*/
   numbers1 := make([]int, len(numbers), (cap(numbers))*2)

   /* 拷贝 numbers 的内容到 numbers1 */
   copy(numbers1,numbers)
   printSlice(numbers1)  
}

func printSlice(x []int){
   fmt.Printf("len=%d cap=%d slice=%v\n",len(x),cap(x),x)
}
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